高等教育自学考试文学类模拟题2020年(71)
(总分100,考试时间150分钟)
一、单项选择题
1. 1.________ studies how sounds are put together to convey meaning in communication． ( ) A. Phonology B. Morphology C. Lexicology D. Phonetics 2. 2.The tone，defined as pitch variation，is an important suprasegmental feature of tone languages such as ________． ( ) A. Chinese B. English
C. Chinese and English D. English and French
3. 3.________ represents the basis for the meaning of a sentence，although it is not supposed to provide the full meaning of a sentence． ( ) A. Surface structure B. Phrase structure
C. Transformational structure D. Deep structure
4. 4.If two lexical terms consist of the **ponents，they are ________． ( ) A. homonymous B. synonymous C. hyponymous D. antonymous
5. 5.________ refers to the physiological effect of one sound on another． ( ) A. Sound assimilation B. Internal borrowing C. Elaboration
D. Rule simplification
6. 6.The word“motel”is formed via word formation rule of ________． ( ) A. clipping B. blending C. acronym D. coinage
7. 7.________ involves a reversal in position of two adjoining sound segments． ( ) A. Apocope B. Epenthesis C. Metathesis D. Assimilation
8. 8.There is a gradation of ________ ranging along a continuum between two extremes of very formal and very informal． ( ) A. dialect B. register C. variation D. slang
9. 9.Human linguistic ability depends primarily on human ________． ( ) A. tongue B. vocal cords C. articulatory D. brain
10. 10.At the ________ stage negation is simply expressed by single words with negative meaning． ( ) A. prelinguistic B. multiword C. two-word D. one-word
二、填空题
11. 11.A s________ study of language is based on the systematic investigation of language data． 12. 12.P________ is interested in the system of sounds of a particular language．
13. 13.Phrase structure rules can generate an infinite number of sentences with infinite length，due to their r________ properties．
14. 14.A simple s________ consists of a single clause which contains a subject and a predicate and stands alone as its own sentence．
15. 15.Componential analysis is based upon the belief that the meaning of a word can be divided into meaning c________．
16. 16.According to S________，speech acts fall into five general categories，i．e．，there are five general types of things we do with language． 17. 17.In h________ linguistics，language change refers to the study of the diachronic processes of change in language elements and language systems．
18. 18.The two(or possibly more)groups use their native languages as a basis for a rudimentary language of few lexical items and“straightforward”grammatical rules．Such a marginal language is called p________．
19. 19.The brain’S neurological specialization for language is called linguistic l________，which psycholinguists aye particularly interested in．
20. 20.Within the framework of C________ Analysis，second language learning was believed to be a matter of **ing the differences between L1 and L2 systems．
三、判断题
21. 21.( )The arbitrary nature of language makes it possible for language to have an unlimited source of expressions． A. 正确 B. 错误
22. 22.( )When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment that occurs in the same place in the string，then the two words are called minimal pairs．Sip and zip are a minimal pair，as are fine and vine，and veal and leaf． A. 正确 B. 错误
23. 23.( )The meaning of a compound is **bination of the meanings of the words in **pound． A. 正确 B. 错误
24. 24.( )The structure that occurs after movement takes place is what we term as surface structure．
A. 正确 B. 错误
25. 25.( )The predication analysis of a sentence only applies to statements and interrogative forms．
A. 正确 B. 错误
26. 26.( )It is the property of arbitrariness that provides speakers with an opportunity to talk about a wide range of things，free from barriers caused by separation in time and place． A. 正确 B. 错误
27. 27.( )The maxim of relation requires that what the speaker says should be relevant with the current topic of the exchange． A. 正确 B. 错误
28. 28.( )When language users use it to convey information，thoughts and feelings from one person to another or as an attempt to control each other’s behavior，we think that language is now functioning as a means of **munication． A. 正确 B. 错误
29. 29.( )A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks． A. 正确 B. 错误
30. 30.( )Phrase structure rules are rewrite rules． A. 正确 B. 错误
四、名词解释 31. 31.Phoneme 32. 32.homonymy 33. 33.antonymy 34. 34.blending 35. 35.taboo
36. 36.semantic triangle 37. 37.grammatical meaning 38. 38.a minimal pair 39. 39.language center
40. 40.surface structure
五、论述题
41. 41.What characteristics of language do you think should be included in a **prehensive definition of language?
42. 42.Describe the distinctive features of Black English in its syntactic system by using examples．
