优质外刊精析和语法填空及十一选十题型改编(二)

Pensions Pot luck

The chancellor hands more freedom to retirees

GET out those cruise brochures—retirees may soon be going on a spending spree. Historically,most Britons with personal pensions and those in so-called “defined-contribution” scheme shave been forced to use their pension pots to buy an annuity—a product paying

a (normally

fixed) income for the rest of their lives. These have never been popular. Money invested in an annuity is locked away and cannot be passed on to the retiree's heirs. Recently, low interest rates and longer lifespans have caused annuity rates to fall sharply. Last month the Financial Conduct Authority, Britain's regulator, concluded that the annuity market “is not working well for consumers”.

Few anticipated

George Osborne's sweeping response. In his budget speech, the chancellor

outlined a plan to do away with the requirement to buy an annuity and all the arcane rules that accompany it. Retirees will be free to draw down their pension pot as they like, subject to paying tax at their marginal rate. That will bring Britain into line with other countries including America, Australia and Denmark.

It may prove a popular idea, but is it a good one? Pensions get generous tax treatment to encourage people to provide for retirement; if they blow their pension pot on a Maserati, they may end up as wards of the state, particularly in their later years when many will need expensive care in nursing homes.

The government reckons that most people can be trusted to make sensible decisions (although it is also proposing that they be given advice when they retire). But that view sits oddly with its other policies. Many workers are now auto-enrolled in pension plans, on the basis that they are too apathetic to provide for their futures voluntarily. Do people suddenly acquire wisdom when they retire, perhaps?

The change will have wide-ranging consequences, not least for the insurance companies that sell annuities, several of which saw sharp share-price plunges. To the extent that pensioners do take more of their pension pot upfront, the government will get tax revenues earlier than before; the boost may be worth ￡1.2 billion ($2 billion) by the 2018-19 financial year.

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But there are dangers for the state too. Public employees such as doctors and teachers are covered by final-salary schemes, under which the government guarantees to pay them are retirement income. These pensions are funded on a pay-as-you-go basis, meaning the Treasury has put no money aside to cover them. If public-sector workers decided to transfer their money into a private pension pot, to take advantage of the new freedom, the Treasury would have to cough workers that right.

The same worry applies to private-sector final-salary schemes, which might suddenly face a cash drain if workers opt to convert. Such pension schemes are big investors in government bonds, and the switch might make it more difficult to fund Britain's deficit. So private-sector workers in final-salary schemes

may also lose their right to transfer. Freedom for some retirees

up the cash immediately; the government is proposing to deny public-sector

will thus come at the price of restrictions on others

Word Bank

1.defined-contribution 固定缴费 词组：

defined-contribution pensions 约定提取养老金 2.budget

n.预算;的年度预算 v.谨慎花钱;把…编入预算 adj.价格低廉的;花钱少的 词组：

balance a budget 平衡收支预算 budget crisis 预算危机 budget cuts 预算缩减

3.accompany

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v.陪同;陪伴;伴随;与…同时发生;(尤指用钢琴)为…伴奏 例句：

①Ken agreed to accompany me on a trip to Africa. 肯答应陪我一起去非洲。 ①This volume of essays was designed to accompany an exhibition in Cologne.

这本文集是为配合在科隆举办的一场展览而出的。

①He sang and Alice accompanied him on the piano...他一边唱，艾丽斯一边为他钢琴伴奏。

4.marginal

adj.小的;微不足道的;不重要的;非主体的;边缘的;以相差无几的票数获胜(或失败)的 n.(议会或地方委员会的)边缘席位 例句：

①The story will only be of marginal interest to our readers.

我们的读者对这则故事不会很感兴趣。

①The tribunals were established for the well-integrated members of society and not for marginal

individuals.

特别法庭是为主流社会成员、而非个体设立的。

①The votes in the marginals are those that really count.

边缘席位的选票才是最关键的。 5.sensible

adj.明智的;理智的;合理的;切合实际的;朴素而实用的;意识到;认识到 例句：

①It wasn’t very sensible to go out on your own so late at night.

这么晚一个人单独外出是不太明智的。

①She was a sensible girl and did not panic

她是一个理智的女孩，没有惊慌失措。

①Wear loose clothing and sensible footwear.

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穿上宽松的衣服和舒服的鞋子。

6.apathetic

adj.冷漠;淡漠;无动于衷 例句：

①Even the most apathetic students are beginning to sit up and listen...

连最不感兴趣的学生都开始坐直了听讲。

①Others feel apathetic about the candidates in both parties.

其他人对两党的候选人都不感兴趣。

①He felt no warmth towards his comrades but was cold, indifferent and apathetic.

他对同志不是满腔热情，而是冷冷清清，漠不关心，麻木不仁。 7.acquire

v.(通过努力、能力、行为表现)获得;购得;获得;得到 词组：

an acquired taste 养成的爱好

Abstract art is an acquired taste. 要慢慢培养才会欣赏抽象艺术。 例句：

①General Motors acquired a 50% stake in Saab for about $400m.

通用汽车公司以大约4亿美元的价格购得了萨博汽车公司50%的股份。

②He has acquired a reputation as this country's premier solo violinist.

他已经赢得了该国首席小提琴独奏家的名誉。 8.insurance

n.保险;保险业;保险费;保费 例句：

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①The insurance company paid out for the stolen jewellery and silver...

保险公司赔付了遭窃的珠宝和银器。

②The country needs a defence capability as insurance against the unexpected.

国家需要有一定的防御能力，以应对不可预知的情况。

①The country needs a defence capability as insurance against the unexpected.

国家需要有一定的防御能力，以应对不可预知的情况。 9.extent

n.程度;限度;大小;面积;范围

例句：

①The government itself has little information on the extent of industrial pollution...

本身几乎不了解工业污染的程度。

②It was and, to a large extent, still is a good show...

它过去是个好节目，现在在很大程度上仍是个好节目。

①He said he didn't like the president, but not to the extent of wanting to kill him...

他说他不喜欢总统，但是还没有到想要刺杀他的地步。

10.transfer

v.(使)转移，搬迁;(使)调动;转职;转学;改变(环境);转移(感情);传染(疾病);让与，转让(权力等) n.搬迁;转移;调动;变换;(运动员)转会;(旅途中的)中转，换乘，改变路线 例句：

①Remove the wafers with a spoon and transfer them to a plate

用勺子抄起薄饼，把它们转盛到盘子里。

②I realized she'd transferred all her love from me to you

我意识到她已把所有的爱从我身上转移到了你身上。

①I was transferred to the book department

我被调到图书部。

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11.drain

v.排空;(使)流光;放干;(使)流走，流出;喝光;喝干 n.下水道;排水管;下水道孔盖;消耗;耗竭;耗费 例句：

①Miners built the tunnel to drain water out of the mines

矿工们开凿了一条地道，以排出矿井里的水。

②Drain the pasta well, arrange on four plates and pour over the sauce

将意大利面中的水分滤干，放在4个盘子里再淋上调味汁。

①Tony built his own house and laid his own drains.

托尼自己盖了房子并铺设了下水管道。

12.convert

v.(使)转变，转换，转化;可转变为;可变换成;(使)改变(宗教或信仰);(使)皈依，归附 n.改变宗教(或信仰、观点)的人;皈依者 词组：

a convert to Islam 改信教的人

converts from other faiths 来自其他宗教信仰的皈依者 a convert to the cause 一位转而支持这项事业的人 例句：

①If you try to convert him, you could find he just walks away

如果你试图改变他的信仰，他就会走开。

②Save money by converting your car to unleaded

将车改装一下，使用无铅汽油，这样可以省钱。

①The signal will be converted into digital code.

信号会被转变为数字代码。 13.switch

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n.(电路的)开关，闸，转换器;(尤指突然彻底的)改变，转变;(铁路的)转辙器，道岔 v.(使)改变，转变，突变;交换;掉换;转换;对调;调班;临时掉换工作时间 词组：

a switch of priorities 轻重缓急的改变 a policy switch 的转变 例句：

①Leona put some detergent into the dishwasher, shut the door and pressed the switch.

利昂娜将一些清洁剂放入洗碗机，关上门后按了开始键。

②In half an hour, they'd switched the tags on every cable

半个小时内，他们就给每根电缆都换了标签。

改编十一选十

A. retirement B anticipated C.basis D.employees E. cough F. hands G.paying H.lifespans I.least J.opponents K.schemes

Pensions Pot luck

The chancellor __1_ more freedom to retirees

GET out those cruise brochures—retirees may soon be going on a spending spree. Historically,most Britons with personal pensions and those in so-called “defined-contribution” scheme shave been forced to use their pension pots to buy an annuity—a product __2_ a (normally fixed) income for the rest of their lives. These have never been popular. Money invested in an annuity is locked away and cannot be passed on to the retiree's heirs. Recently, low interest rates and longer __3_ have caused annuity rates to fall sharply. Last month the Financial Conduct Authority, Britain's regulator, concluded that the annuity market “is not working well for consumers”.

Few __4_ George Osborne's sweeping response. In his budget speech, the chancellor outlined a plan to do away with the requirement to buy an annuity and all the arcane rules that

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accompany it. Retirees will be free to draw down their pension pot as they like, subject to paying tax at their marginal rate. That will bring Britain into line with other countries including America, Australia and Denmark.

It may prove a popular idea, but is it a good one? Pensions get generous tax treatment to encourage people to provide for __5_; if they blow their pension pot on a Maserati, they may end up as wards of the state, particularly in their later years when many will need expensive care in nursing homes.

The government reckons that most people can be trusted to make sensible decisions (although it is also proposing that they be given advice when they retire). But that view sits oddly with its other policies. Many workers are now auto-enrolled in pension plans, on the __6_ that they are too apathetic to provide for their futures voluntarily. Do people suddenly acquire wisdom when they retire, perhaps?

The change will have wide-ranging consequences, not __7_ for the insurance companies that sell annuities, several of which saw sharp share-price plunges. To the extent that pensioners do take more of their pension pot upfront, the government will get tax revenues earlier than before; the boost may be worth ￡1.2 billion ($2 billion) by the 2018-19 financial year.

But there are dangers for the state too. Public __8_ such as doctors and teachers are covered by final-salary schemes, under which the government guarantees to pay them are retirement income. These pensions are funded on a pay-as-you-go basis, meaning the Treasury has put no money aside to cover them. If public-sector workers decided to transfer their money into a private pension pot, to take advantage of the new freedom, the Treasury would have to __9__ up the cash immediately; the government is proposing to deny public-sector workers that right.

The same worry applies to private-sector final-salary schemes, which might suddenly face a cash drain if workers opt to convert. Such pension schemes are big investors in government bonds, and the switch might make it more difficult to fund Britain's deficit. So private-sector workers in final-salary __10_may also lose their right to transfer. Freedom for some retirees will thus come at the price of restrictions on others

答案：1-5：F G H B A 6-10：C I D E K

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分析：

1.这里需要动词三单，总理给退休人员更多的自由，根据意思选F,这里hand动词话，是给与的意思

2.根据句型结构，这里需要填一个现在分词做后置定语，再根据后面的提示“for”以及句意，选G，pay钱for物，这里指该产品给他们剩余的生命支付一笔固定的收入

3.这里根据句子结构需要填名词，根据句意，是更的利率和更长的寿命导致养老金的比率急剧下降。故选H，寿命的意思

4.根据句子结构这里缺谓语动词，定位到B和K，根据时态和句意，选B。很少有人预料到他的笼统的回复。 anticipate，预料，预见的意思。

5.这里需要名词，根据句意：鼓励人们为退休做准备，故选A 6.这里需要名词，根据固定搭配选C，on the basis that 根据某某的基础 7.根据句意，这里考察，not least for不仅仅是对于....故选I 8.这里需要名词，根据后面的such as的内容，这里要选职员故选D 9.这里需要动词原形，只有E cough up有勉强说出之意

10.这里根据词性，只有K可选，final salary schemes最终薪金方案。

改编语法填空

Pensions Pot luck

The chancellor hands more freedom to retirees

Get out those cruise brochures—retirees may soon be going on a spending spree. Historically,most Britons with personal pensions and those in so-called “defined-contribution” schemes have been forced to use their pension pots to buy an annuity—a product__1___(pay) a (normally fixed) income for the rest of their lives. These have never been popular. Money invested in an annuity is locked away and cannot be passed on to the retiree's heirs. Recently, low interest rates and longer lifespans have caused annuity rates to fall sharply. Last month the Financial Conduct Authority, Britain's regulator,__2_____ (conclude) that the annuity market “is not working well for consumers”.

Few anticipated

George Osborne's sweeping response. In his budget speech, the chancellor

outlined a plan to do away with the requirement to buy an annuity and all the arcane rules that

9

accompany it. Retirees will be free___3___( draw) down their pension pot as they like, subject to paying tax at their marginal rate. That will bring Britain into line with other countries including America, Australia and Denmark.

It___4___prove a popular idea, but is it a good one? Pensions get generous tax treatment to encourage people to provide for retirement; ___5_____they blow their pension pot on a Maserati, they

may end up as wards of the state, particularly in their later years when many will need

expensive care in nursing homes.

The government reckons that most people can be trusted to make sensible decisions(although it is also proposing that they be given advice when they retire). But that view sits oddly with its other policies. Many workers are now auto-enrolled in pension plans, on the basis__6____ they are

too apathetic to provide for their futures voluntarily. Do people suddenly acquire wisdom

when they retire, perhaps?

The change will have wide-ranging consequences, not least for the insurance companies that sell annuities, several of___7_____ saw sharp share-price plunges. To the extent that pensioners do take more of their pension pot upfront, the government will get tax revenues earlier than before; the boost may be worth ￡1.2 billion ($2 billion) by the 2018-19 financial year.

But there are dangers for the state too. Public employees such as doctors and teachers are covered by final-salary schemes, under which the government guarantees to pay them are retirement income. These pensions are funded on a pay-as-you-go basis, __8______(mean) the Treasury

has put no money aside to cover them. If public-sector workers decided to transfer their

money into a private pension pot,____9____(take)advantage of the new freedom, the Treasury would have to cough up the cash immediately; the government is proposing to deny public-sector workers that right.

The same worry applies to private-sector final-salary schemes, which might suddenly face a cash drain if workers opt to convert. Such pension schemes are big investors in government bonds, and the switch might make___10____more difficult to fund Britain's deficit. So private-sector workers in final-salary schemes may also lose their right to transfer. Freedom for some retirees will thus come at the price of restrictions on others 答案：

1. paying.这里要用非谓语做后置定语，修饰前面的产品，主动的关系故用现在分词

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2. concluded.去掉前面的插入语，可知这里需要填谓语，又由于时态是一般过去时，故为concluded.

3. to draw 固定搭配be free to do sth

4. may 根据句子结构，这里需要情态动词。根据意思是：这可能是一个受欢迎的办法，但这是一个好的办法吗？

5. if.这里需要填连词。根据意思是，如果他们离开他们的退休金存钱罐，他们会......（后面的结果不是很好，所以这里是一个条件状语从句） 6. that.根据后面不缺成分，可知这里是同位语从句

7. which.根据句型结构，这里是非定语从句，这里which，指代上文的保险公司 8. meaning. 根据句型结构，这里需要非谓语做伴随状语，故选择现在分词 9. to take 这里不定式做目的状语，为了利用这种新的自由

10.it 这里 it做形式宾语 ，真正宾语是后面的“to fund Britain's deficit”

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