八年级下册英语知识点大总结

八年级下册英语知识点大总结 Unit 1 what’s the matter? 1.What’s the matter? 怎么了？

若是询问“某人怎么了?”要用“What’s the matter with sb.?” 拓展：What’s the matter with sb.?的同义句：

What’s wrong with sb.? / What’s the trouble with sb.? 中考再现：Hi, John. ?

It’s Lucy, my dog. Her leg is hurt. A. How are you B. What’s the matter C. Who’s that D. What’s Lucy like 2.疾病类短语:

①. have a +疾病. e.g. :have a fever 发烧have a cold 感冒have a cough 咳嗽

②. have a +身体部位-ache. e.g.: have a headache 头痛have a toothache 牙痛

③. have a sore+身体部位. e.g.: have a sore throat 咽喉痛have a sore back 背痛

中考再现：Mom, I .

I’m sorry to hear that, dear. We must go to see the dentist right away.

A. have a headache B. have a stomachache C. have a toothache D. have a fever

3.lie down 躺下V. 躺，平躺。现在分词是lying. e.g.: Don’t lie in bed all morning!

拓展：lie 的词性和含义总结

①. V. 位于，坐落在。e.g.: Japan lies to the east of China. ②.V. 撒谎，说谎。lie to sb. 对某人撒谎。e.g.: Don’t believe her because she always lies.

③. N. 谎言。tell lies/a lie 说谎。e.g.: You shouldn’t tell lies to your parents.

4.if 引导的条件状语从句时，主将从现。 doing it like that.

A. will kill B. have killed C. kill D. killed

中考再现：Stop smoking, Joe! You yourself if you keep on

e.g.: We saw the boy playing computer games. We often see the boy play computer games.

We saw the boy lock the door and walk out of the room.

When I walked through the playground, I saw my friends football.

A. play B. to play C. playing D. is playing 6.get 短语

get up 起来，起床get to(=reach, arrive in/at)到达get on 上车

get off 下车get into 陷入，参与get in 进入，到达get back 回来

get ready (for....) (为....)做准备get on well with sb. 和某人和睦相处

7.to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是；surprise 是名词，惊讶，惊奇。

8.have trouble/difficulty doing sth. 做某事时遇到困难。 I always have much trouble English words. Can you give me some advice?

A.to remember B. remember C. remembering

9.be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事。e.g.: They are used to living in the big city.

used to do sth. 过去常常做某事。e.g.：He used to play football, but now he likes playing basketball.

10.take risks/a risk. 冒险。risk V. 冒险。

11.①.run out 用完，用尽，主语通常是“时间，金钱，食物”等无生命的东西。

e.g.：All the money ran out.

②.run out of 用完，主语通常是人。e.g.：We have run out of our pocket money.

12.off 短语：turn off 关闭，关掉take off 起飞，脱掉put off 推迟，拖延

get off 下车give off 发出，散发set off 出发

中考再现：We have to the bike ride because of the bad weather.

A.put off B. turn off C. take off

D. get off

13.①. important adj. 重要的unimportant adj.不重要的importance n. 重要性中考再现From the show Running Man, we can learn the of team spirit.

②.make a decision=decide 后接不定式，“做出决定，决定 . ” I made a big to stop doing my job for a few months. ③.be in control of 掌管，控制out of control 脱离控制 中考再现：The car was out of and hit a tree by the road. A.danger B. breath C. control D. practice

14.①.keep (on)doing sth. 继续做某事，坚持做某事。 中考再现：He kept so that he could be in health. A.exercise B. exercising C. to exercise

②.give up “放弃”代词放中间give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 中考再现:No matter how hard it is, don’t. Things will be better in the future.

A. give out B. give up C. give away

15.重难点全解：情态动词should ①should 的用法

作情态动词时，表责任和义务，意为“应当，应该”,可用于任何人称。

翻译：现在你应该戒烟了。 16.易错易混全解

The meat is expensive and eating meat isn’t good for our A.too much, much too B. too much, too much C. much too, too much D. much too, too many

Millie made a few mistakes in the exam her carelessness. A.because B. so that C. as a result D. because of

Lei Feng for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us. A.died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.

1.hope to do sth. 希望做某事，含hope to do sth. 的句子可以转换为宾语从句。

2.“动词+up”的短语小结：

clean up 打扫干净cut up 切碎grow up 长大set up 熬夜set up 建立，设立stay up 熬夜wake up 醒来，叫醒take up 占用give up 放弃use up 用完cheer up 使振作起来，使高兴起来（代词必须放中间）put up 搭建，张贴make up 组成，编造end up 最终成为，最后处于

中考再现：Many volunteers will help to the city parks next parks next Friday. A. give up B. pick up C. clean up

3.give out：①发出，放出（热，光等）The sun gives out light and heat to the earth

②用完，耗尽We had just reached home when the petrol gave out.

③公布，发表The news of the event was given out over the radio.

4.give 的短语：give away 捐赠，赠给give up 放弃give back 归还

give off 发出，放出give in 让步，屈服give sb. sth. =give sth. to sb.给某人某物

5.put off doing sth.推迟做某事e.g.: We can’t put off making a plan.

常见的put 短语：put on 穿上，戴上put out 熄灭，扑灭put up 搭起，升起，张贴put up with 容忍put away 收起来

中考再现:They heard the party was because of the exam. 6.come up with 提出，想出（答案，计划等） He many ideas to solve these problem already.

8.care 的延伸:

①派生词:careful 小心的carefully 小心地careless 粗心的

carelessly 粗心地

短语：care for 照顾，喜欢care about 关心，在意take care 小心take care of 照顾，照料

9.s uch+ a/an+形容词+名词=so+形容词+a/an+名词“如此... ” 注意：当名词前有many, much, few, little 修饰时，要用so,而不用such.

中考再现：We had awful weather we couldn’t finish the work on time.

A. so, that B. such, that C. such an, that

10.-ing 是名词后缀。e.g.：reading 阅读writing 写作spelling 拼写swimming 游泳skating 滑冰fishing 钓鱼smoking 抽烟

11.b e satisfied/pleased with... 对.... 满意satisfaction n. 满意，满足

12.常见的“take+介词/副词”短语：

take down 写下，拆除take off 起飞，脱掉take out 取出，掏出take in 吸收take over 接管take away 带走take up 占用take back 收回

中考再现：I my father’s wet shoes and washed his feet. A.took out B. took off C. took place

13.常见的“动词+away”的短语：throw away 扔掉，丢弃run away 逃跑

get away 逃离pass away 逝世keep away 离开，使不接近take away 带走

go away 离开put away 收起来give away 捐赠stay away 远离 ----What are you doing, Mum? ---- I’m some old things for a yard sale.

A. giving away B. hurrying up C. cleaning out D. walking into

14.b e similar to 和....相似/类似 e.g.: His dress is similar to mine in color.

中考再现：These model cars in China in 2013. A.are made B. were made C. make D. made

16.make it +adj.（+for sb.)+to do sth. 使某人做某事........ find it +adj. （+for sb.)+to do sth. 发现.. 怎么样

17.be excited about 因...而兴奋不已 e.g.: We were excited about the good news. 同根词：excite v. 使激动，使兴奋excited adj.激动的，兴奋的（常用来修饰人）exciting adj.令人激动的，兴奋的(常用来修饰事或物）excitement n.激动，兴奋They are about the news. A. excited, excited

B.exciting, exciting C. exciting, excited D. excited, exciting 18.could 的用法:

①表建议，语气较委婉“可以”e.g.: You could help to clean the park.

②can 的过去式，表示过去具备的能力。e.g.: She couldn’t

dress herself until five.

19.动词不定式的用法

:I was tired out, so I stopped the car a short rest. A.have B. having C. to have D. had

状语：状语是用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等的一种句法成份.

状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当.其位置一般放在句末,但也可放在句首或句中.

1.副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式

等概念.

He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好. （very 是程度副词,用来修饰well. very well 是修饰speak 的程度状语）

2.介词短语

The boy was praised for his bravery. 那个男孩因为他的勇敢受到了表扬.（for his bravery 在句中作原因状语）

3.从句作状语

If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. 如果我明天不忙,我将和你一起踢足球.（If I am not busy tomorrow 在句中作条件状语）

4.不定式在句子中可以作目的状语.

I come specially to see you. 我专门来看你. （to see you 在句中充当目的状语）

5.分词作状语

Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper.和他妻子吵架后,他生气地地离家出走了.（having had a quarrel 在句中作时间状语）Reminded not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager left for the airport in a hurry. （reminded not to miss the flight at 15:20 在句中作时间状语）

由于时间关系,所附例句有限,希望你能对状语有一个概要的了解. B.“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构

动词不定式可以用在疑问词what, how, when, where, which 等之后，作主语，宾

语，表语等。

e.g.: How to get there is a problem.（作主语） I don’t know what to say.(作宾语）

The question is how to learn English well.(作表语）

中考再现：-- It’s important for us to know all the subjects. ----Yeah, group work is my favorite. A. how to study B. when to study C. which to study D. what to study

C.含动词不定式的常用搭配

①有些动词只能跟动词不定式作宾语plan, hope, agree, decide 等。

e.g.: We plan to go climbing.

My father agreed to take us to the museum. They decide to join the swimming club. ②有些动词后要跟动词不定式作宾语补足语：

We advise parents their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. leaving B. not to leave C. leave D. to leave

20.repair, mend, fix 区别

①repair 意为“修理”，修理的对象着重于破损，毁坏或发生故障不能正常使用的物体。e.g. : When I got home, my brother was repairing his radio.

②mend 意为“修理”，修理的对象是一些琐碎的物品。如粘贴的小用具，玩具，要缝补的衣物等。e.g.：My kite is broken. Can you mend it？

③fix 意为“修理”，强调校准，校正。e.g.: He’s outside fixing the brakes in the car.

中考再现:She lives in a small village, but she didn’t feel . A.lonely, lonely B. alone, lonely C. lonely, alone

Unite3 Could you please clean your room? 2.有关“家务劳动”有关的短语：

take out the rubbish/trash 倒垃圾fold one’s clothes 叠衣服 sweep the floor 扫地clean the room 打扫房间

make one’s /the bed 铺床do the dishes/wash the dishes 洗餐具

3.throw down 扔下throw at 扔向，掷向throw away 扔掉，丢弃

中考再现：Recycling is good, so don’t bottles or newspapers.

A.find out B. hand in C. use up D. throw away

4.the minute 表示“一....就.”,相当于as soon as.(引导时间状语从句)

e.g.: I’ll tell him the minute he gets there. 5.常见time 的短语：

all the time 一直，总是at times 不时，有时in time 及时on time 按时for the first time 第一次in no time 立刻，马上at any time 随时at the same 同时have a good/great/wonderful time 玩的愉快by the time 到.的时候

中考再现：- Hurry up. It’s almost time for school. ---Don’t worry. We are sure to be at school . A.at times B. on time C. all the time

D. by the time

中考再现：-- Hurry up. It’s almost time for school. -----Don’t worry. We are sure to be at school . A．at times B. on time C. all the time D. by the time 6.as ….as表示“和.. 一样”，之间要用形容词或副词的原级。 e.g.: She is as tall as her elder brother. 中考再现：Look! This house is as as that one. A. the most beautiful B. more beautiful

C. beautiful 否定结构是not as/so…as, 表示“不如…….,比不上…..”

---- . A. Neither I do B. Neither do I C. So do I 8.in surprise 惊讶地e.g.: She looked at me in surprise.

9.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。e.g.: She asked me why I liked cartoons.

中考再现：----I’d like to know ............. ------- M aybe in the forest.

A.whether we will go camping B.where we will go camping C.whether will we go camping D.where will we go camping

10.in order to “目的是，为了”，后跟动词原形。in order to do sth. 表示“为了做某事”，否定结构是in order not to do sth. “为了不做某事”。

so that, in order that 表示“目的是，为了”，用来引导目的状语从句，可以转换为含to, in order to 的句子。

中考再现:

In order for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being late 11.provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.表示“给某人提供某物”。

中考再现：Parents often their children some good advice. A. offer; with B. offer;/ C. provide; with D. both B and C

12.“动词+on”的短语：depend on/upon 依赖，依靠，取决于…., 由….决定get on 上车turn on 打开come on 快点，加油put on 穿上，上演

call on 号召pass on 传递concentrate on 专心，集中精力 中考再现：-- M um, shall we go to the beach tomorrow? ----It the weather. A.carries on B. lives on C. depends on D. holds on

13.since 作连词，意味“因为，既然”，此时引导原因状语从句，表示因果时

1 因为，自…以来 : I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be

14. take care of 表示“照顾”，和 look after, care for 是同义表达；表示“好好照顾某人”要用 take good care of sb. =look after

sb.well.

中考再现：In our daily life, we must learn to ourselves well at any time. It’s as important as studying. A. deal with B. worry about C. look after

15. ①as a result 意为“结果，因此”

eg.: He didn’t study hard. , he failed his exam.

②fall 的短语小结：fall asleep 睡着，入睡 fall ill 生病 fall behind 落后fall off 跌落，从…跌下来 fall down 跌倒，摔倒 fall in love with…爱上…. He and has been in hospital for two days.

重点难点全解

16. 用 could 提出要求和征求许可 用 could 提出要求

常见的结构是 Could you( please )…? 译为“你能……吗？”或“请你….好吗？”如果同意就用 OK.或 No problem.等来回答。如果不同意就用 Sorry, I can’t.等来回答，并以委婉的方式来解释原因。

中考再现： -- Could you please sweep the floor, Tom? ------Sorry, mum, I ............. I’m doing my homework. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not

------Could you please turn off the TV?

------ ，I ................ I want to watch the sports news. A. No; couldn’t B. Sorry; can’t C. Sure; can D. Sorry; couldn’t 用 could 征求许可

常见的结构是 Could I….?可翻译为“我能/可以 .... 吗？”此时回答不用 could, 习惯上肯定回答用 may, can 等；否定回答用 can’t 或

mustn’t(语气中)。

中考再现： -- Could I borrow your bike, please? ----- . A. Of course you can B. It doesn’t matter C. Yes, I’d love to D. No, thank you 易错易混全解

both, either, neither, all, none

both 译为“两者都”，用于两者之间，可以和 and 搭配，both…and…

表示“…..和 .. 都”

neither 是 both 的完全否定形式，表示“两个都不”。可以和 nor 搭配，

neither…nor…表示“……和 .. 都不”

either 表示“两个人或物中的一个”。可以和 or 搭配，neither…or…

表示“或者…或者….;要么….要么…..” all

译为“全部”，用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间 2 1 2none 是all 的完全否定形式，译为“没有一个”

Jiefangbei is not far from Chaotianmen. You can easily visit in a day.

A.each B. none C. both D. neither

borrow 表示“借；借来；借入”，指向别人借来东西，搭配是borrow sth from sb.

lend 表示“借给，借出”，指把东西借给别人，搭配是lend sb. sth. 或lend sth. to sb.

keep 表示“长时间地借用”，可以和时间段以及how long 搭配

The librarian told me that I could these magazines for 3 days.

A.borrow B. buy C. keep D. return

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

1.allow sb. to do sth. “允许某人做某事”，也可以是allow sb. sth. 其被动

语态是“主语+be allowed to do sth.”, “某人被允许做某事” 中考再现：My parents didn’t allow me to the party. A.go B. to go C. goes D. went

hang out 闲逛eg.: She often hangs out in the supermarket. 2.What’s wrong (with sb.)?= What’s the matter?询问“某人怎么了”

eg. ------ What’s wrong with you? ------- I don’t feel well. wrong 作形容词，意为“有毛病的，错误的”。近义词：false 错误的incorrect 不正确的。反义词：right 正确的correct 正确的

eg.: There’s something wrong with my bike. 3.

leave her office the police arrived. A.However B. whenever

C. while D. until

4.why not do sth.?= why don’t you do sth.? “为什么不做某事呢？”

中考再现：-- W e can invite Nick and Nora to Shanghai Disneyland with us.

---- ? I’ll give them a call right now.

5.①look through 翻阅，浏览look at 看look for 寻找look after 照顾

look down 向下看look around 环顾，往四下看look up 向上看，查阅

look out 小心look up to 仰慕，看得起look down on 看不起 look over 仔细检查look forward to 期待 中考再现:

-----I found my sister my things and took my new magazines. What

should I do? ------- I guess you should tell her it’s not right. A. looking through B. looking up C. looking for

②find sb. doing sth. 意为“发现某人正在做某事” I found my sister with her friends in the garden. A. plays B. playing C. played D. to play

----He is practicing English he can win the speech

competition. A. to speak; in order to B. speaking; so that C. speaking; in order to D. to speak; so that

7. although, though, even though 都可以用来引导让步状语从句，它们都不能和

but 同时使用。

中考再现： Mike didn’t win the race, he was still wearing a smile on his face.

A. If B. Since C. Although D. Because

8. work out 解决（问题),改善（状况） point out 指出 go out 出去

find out 发现，查明 take out 取出，掏出 turn out 结果是 run out 用完 ---I believe that you can this problem by yourself.

---Thank you for your encouragement. A.work out B. take out C. turn out D. run out

9. get on with=get along with 和睦相处，关系良好 get on/along well with sb.和某人相处得很好

中考再现:We should think more of others if we want to them. A. get on well with B. hear of C. get ready for D. hear from

10. argue with sb. 和某人争吵，和某人争论 Don’t try to him until he’s cooled down.

1. whatever=no matter what 无论什么，不管什么 eg.: Whatever you say, I won’t believe you.

---I hear the company him a very good job, but he turned it down. A. donated B. served C. offered D. Introduced 13. communicate with sb. 和某人交流，和某人沟通 名词形式:communication 中考再现：After you argue with your parents you must （交流）with them and explain why you did that.

14.mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事

中考再现：The movie is so interesting. I don’t seeing it again tomorrow. A. enjoy B. mind C. keep D. Finish

15.compete with... 和...竞争

compete v.比赛，竞争competition n.比赛，竞争competitive adj.比赛的，竞争的

16.cut out 删除，删去cut up 切碎cut down 砍倒cut off 切掉cut in 打断，插嘴You can the unimportant details.

17.quick adj. 快的，快速的quickly adv. 快速地 近义词: fast adj. 快的rapid adj. 迅速的 反义词: slow adj. 慢的slowly adj. 缓慢地

中考再现：Excuse me, would you please speak a little more ? Sorry, I thought you could follow me. A. sadly B. quickly C. politely D. slowly

18.continue to do sth.=continue doing sth. 继续做某事（者意

义相同，没有区别）

19.compare ...with...把. 与.. 相比

中考再现: When you yourself with others, you miss the wonder of who you are. A. compare B. communicate C. contact D. Connect

20.重点难点全解

until, so that 和although 引导的状语从句 ①. until 意为“直到.....为止，到. 时”。

Continue in this direction until you see a sign. 一直朝着这个方向走直到你看到一个指示牌。

I didn’t wake up until I heard the alarm clock.直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。

中考再现：Dad, when did you come back from the farmland yesterday？

Well, I didn’t come back the rain stopped. A. while B. until C. Because

②. so that 引导的目的状语从句

so that 意为“为的是，以便”，引导目的状语从句。注意so that, in order that

和in order to 在用法上的区别。

Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later. （同义句)

中考再现: My mother gets up at five every day she can prepare breakfast for us. A.in order to B. so that C. if

③. although 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”.

中考再现：I live in a safe community, I still feel worried when I go out at night. A. Although B. Since C. Until

21.易错易混全解

①. elder, older

elder 指“年长的”，常修饰人，用来表示出生顺序的先后和年龄的长幼，常作定语，不可用于than 引导的比较状语从句。

older 指“年纪较大的，较老的，较旧的”，修饰人或物都行。既可作定语，也可作表语，可用于than 引导的比较状语从句。

中考再现：Do you know that China is one of countries in the world？

Yes，I do. It’s much than the US. A. Oldest, older B. The oldest, older C. The oldest, elder D. The older, elder

I came instead of my elder brother.

Unite 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 1.What was/were+主语+doing+其他？某人在过去的某个时间正在做某事。过去进行时：结构是was/were+现在分词。

中考再现：-- Why did the car hit the boy?

-----Because the driver on the phone at that time. A.talk B. is talking C. was talking D. have talked

2.go 的短语小结：go away 离开go over 复习，温习go back 回来

go on 继续go through 穿过，通过go by （时间）流逝，过去 中考再现：It’s7:00 o’clock now, but the alarm didn’t. A.turn off

B. go off C. take off D. put off

3.许多副词由“形容词+ly”构成。如下：

She (突然)found herself being talked about in all the newspaper.

4.pick up 接电话I didn’t pick up your phone because I was busy.

拾起，捡起Please pick up the ruler on the ground.

开车去接My mother agreed to drive her new car to pick me up. 中考再现：-- Look! What’s on the ground?

-----Oh, it’s my sweater. Please . A.pick it up B. put it up. C. give it out D. take it off

5.fall asleep 入睡，睡着die down 逐渐变弱，逐渐消失中 考再现：Because it was too noisy outside last night, we all found it

difficult ................................................................... (fall) 6.被动语态的结构：be +过去分词. (考虑时态)

中考再现：Many houses by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless.

A. damaged B. were damaged C. were damaged D. are damaged

I said that I was doing my homework. China?

中考再现：-- C ould you tell me the Dragon Boat Festival in ---- Sure. People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi.

A. when do people celebrate B. why people celebrate C. how people celebrate

8.silence n. in silence 沉默，无声silent adj. 沉默的keep silent 保持沉默

silently 沉默地

None of them talked. They finished their meal in . A.silence B. order C. place D. public

10.重点难点全解

过去进行时的用法：描述过去某个时刻正在发生的动作或存在的状态，基本结构是：was/were+ 现在分词

They were doing their homework at eight o’clock yesterday evening.

中考再现：-- D id you watch the football match on TV last night?

----I wanted to, but my mother her favorite TV programme. A.watches B. watched C. was watching D. had watched

Someone knocked at the door while my mother was cooking. They were cleaning the classroom while you were playing games.

----My mother was reading my father was playing games. A.while B. when C. unless D. as long as

The cost of living continues to rise.

Raise your hands up straight so that I can count. Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains

1.once upon a time 从前（一般过去时的标志性的时间状语） Once upon a time, there was a frog living in the well. 2.as soon as 一…..就，引导时间状语从句。（主将从现） I will tell him as soon as I see him.

中考再现：Next month we’re going somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday . A. will begin B. has begin C. begins D. is beginning

3.remind sb. of… 使某人想起……，提醒某人关于…… remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. +宾语从句提醒某人……

These photos remind me of my school life. David reminded me to fill out the form first. She reminds me that Lisa is waiting for me.

中考再现：This photo reminded the old man the days when he was young.

A.with B. for C. by D. of

6.turn…into变成，同change…into

Caterpillars can turn into butterflies. 毛毛虫可以变成蝴蝶。 hide----hid----hidden 隐藏，遮蔽 He hid the money under the floor. 7.unless=if not 如果….不；除非(主将从现)

We will go camping if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. =We will go camping unless it rains tomorrow.

中考再现: She says that she’ll business improves.

have to close the shop